鋼結構因其自重輕、施工快、抗震性強等優勢，廣泛應用于工業廠房、倉儲物流、公共建筑等領域。屋面板作為輕鋼建筑的關鍵組成部分，需兼顧防水、保溫、耐久性及經濟性。

　　Steel structures are widely used in industrial plants, warehousing and logistics, public buildings and other fields due to their advantages of light weight, fast construction, and strong seismic resistance. As a key component of light steel buildings, roof panels need to balance waterproofing, insulation, durability, and economy.

　　也許大多數結構工程師會問：屋面材料不是建筑師確定嗎？按正常邏輯，確實應該這樣！但實踐中可能會存在建筑師對鋼結構屋面的構造做法也不清楚，甚至可能不如結構工程師了解得多。

　　Perhaps most structural engineers would ask: Isn't the roofing material determined by the architect According to normal logic, it should indeed be like this! However, in practice, architects may not be clear about the construction methods of steel structure roofs, and may not even have as much knowledge as structural engineers.

　　本文梳理了5種主流屋面板材料特性，助大家對屋面板材料有個概念性的了解，繼而合理選材，對荷載取值確定時，也有一定的用處。

　　This article summarizes the characteristics of 5 mainstream roof panel materials, which helps everyone to have a conceptual understanding of roof panel materials, and then select materials reasonably. It is also useful for determining load values.

　　一、單層彩鋼板

　　1、 Single layer color steel plate

　　17J925-1圖集中常用的彩鋼板型號特點：

　　Characteristics of commonly used color steel plate models in the 17J925-1 dataset:

　　由鍍鋅/鍍鋁鋅基板經輥壓成型，表面涂覆聚酯、硅改性聚酯或氟碳涂層，厚度多為0.3-0.8mm。自重輕（3-8kg/m），安裝便捷，常采用自攻釘或角馳支架固定，也有暗扣咬邊安裝。經濟性高，適用于對保溫要求較低的臨時建筑或廠房。缺點：保溫隔熱性能差，需額外鋪設保溫層；耐腐蝕性一般，沿?；蚧きh境易生銹。

　　Formed by rolling galvanized/aluminum zinc coated substrates, the surface is coated with polyester, silicon modified polyester or fluorocarbon coating, with a thickness of 0.3-0.8mm. Lightweight (3-8kg/m ), easy to install, often fixed with self tapping screws or corner brackets, and also with hidden buckle and edge installation. High economic efficiency, suitable for temporary buildings or factories with low insulation requirements. Disadvantages: Poor thermal insulation performance, requiring additional insulation layer to be laid; Corrosion resistance is average, and coastal or chemical environments are prone to rusting.

　　二、復合彩鋼板（現場復合板）

　　2、 Composite color steel plate (on-site composite plate)

　　特點：

　　Characteristics:

　　由彩鋼頂板+玻璃棉/巖棉+彩鋼底板現場復合，實現保溫層與結構一體化。保溫性能優異（導熱系數0.035-0.045W/(m·K)），適合嚴寒或高溫地區?？勺龅綗o搭接設計，防水性能提升，檁條露明或暗藏兩種安裝方式可選。

　　On site composite of color steel top plate, glass wool/rock wool, and color steel bottom plate to achieve the integration of insulation layer and structure. Excellent insulation performance (thermal conductivity 0.035-0.045W/(m · K)), suitable for cold or high temperature areas. It can achieve a non overlapping design, improve waterproof performance, and offer two installation options for exposed or hidden purlins.

　　缺點：自重較大（15-25kg/m），需加強主體結構承載力；施工復雜，人工成本較高，暗藏檁條方案費用增加30%-50%。

　　Disadvantages: Large self weight (15-25kg/m ), requiring strengthening of the main structural bearing capacity; The construction is complex, the labor cost is high, and the cost of hidden purlin schemes increases by 30% -50%.

　　三、巖棉夾芯板

　　3、 Rock wool sandwich panel

　　特點：

　　Characteristics:

　　以巖棉為芯材，雙面復合彩鋼板，耐火極限達1-2小時，滿足A級防火標準。兼具保溫（導熱系數0.040W/(m·K)）與隔音（降噪≥30dB），適用于醫院、學校等場所?？箟簭姸雀撸ā?0kPa），可承受較大荷載。

　　Using rock wool as the core material and double-sided composite color steel plate, the fire resistance limit reaches 1-2 hours, meeting Class A fire protection standards. Combining insulation (thermal conductivity 0.040W/(m · K)) and sound insulation (noise reduction ≥ 30dB), suitable for hospitals, schools and other places. High compressive strength (≥ 40kPa), capable of withstanding large loads.

　　缺點：吸水性較強（吸水率≥5%），需嚴格密封處理以防滲水；自重較大（20-30kg/m），運輸和安裝成本較高。

　　Disadvantages: Strong water absorption (water absorption rate ≥ 5%), requiring strict sealing treatment to prevent water leakage; The self weight is relatively large (20-30kg/m ), and the transportation and installation costs are high.

　　四、鋁鎂錳板

　　4、 Aluminum magnesium manganese plate

　　特點：采用鋁鎂錳合金（AA3004/AA3005）軋制，耐腐蝕性遠超普通彩鋼板，壽命可達50年。強度高（抗拉強度≥260MPa），可加工為扇形、弧形等復雜造型，適配異形屋面。輕量化（5-10kg/m），配合直立鎖邊技術，防水性能卓越。缺點：單價高（約為彩鋼板的2-3倍），初期投資大；保溫性能不足，需復合保溫層使用。

　　Features: Rolled with aluminum magnesium manganese alloy (AA3004/AA3005), the corrosion resistance far exceeds that of ordinary color steel plates, and the service life can reach 50 years. High strength (tensile strength ≥ 260MPa), can be processed into complex shapes such as fan-shaped and arc-shaped, suitable for irregular roofs. Lightweight (5-10kg/m ), combined with upright locking technology, excellent waterproof performance. Disadvantages: High unit price (about 2-3 times that of color steel plate), large initial investment; Insufficient insulation performance, composite insulation layer needs to be used.

　　五、樹脂瓦（合成樹脂瓦）

　　5、 Resin tile (synthetic resin tile)

　　特點：

　　Characteristics:

　　以ASA/PVC等高分子材料模壓成型，耐候性強（-50℃~70℃適用），抗紫外線老化。自重極輕（6-8kg/m），可直接鋪設在原有屋面上，改造便捷。色彩豐富，仿古瓦造型美觀，適用于民宿、景觀建筑。缺點：抗風揭能力弱（需加強固定措施），不適用于臺風頻發地區；熱膨脹系數高（0.06-0.08mm/m·℃），接縫處易變形漏水。

　　Made by molding ASA/PVC and other polymer materials, it has strong weather resistance (suitable for -50 ℃~70 ℃) and resistance to UV aging. Extremely lightweight (6-8kg/m ), it can be directly laid on the original roof, making it easy to renovate. Rich in color and beautiful in antique tile design, suitable for homestays and landscape architecture. Disadvantages: Weak wind resistance (requiring strengthened fixing measures), not suitable for areas with frequent typhoons; The thermal expansion coefficient is high (0.06-0.08mm/m ·℃), and the joints are prone to deformation and water leakage.

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